Molecular pathology selected abstracts
April 2025—Chronic kidney disease is more common in people of African ancestry, with Americans of African descent having four times the risk compared with Americans of European descent. This disparity is largely due to the G1 and G2 genetic variants in the APOL1 gene, which increase the risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) when inherited in a homozygous or compound heterozygous pattern. These variants, exclusive to African populations, likely evolved over 10,000 years ago due to their protective role against African sleeping sickness. The prevalence of these variants varies across sub-Saharan Africa, and data on their connection to CKD in African populations are limited.
