Cytopathology in Focus: Paris System for urinary cytology: why and where now
May 2017—It is well known that examination of urine dates back to antiquity, but it wasn’t until the 19th century that cancer cells were microscopically documented in urine, by Hermann Lebert in 1845 and Vilem D. Lambl in 1856. Over many decades, countless talented and noteworthy authors have contributed valuable observations and conceptual mechanisms to the study of urinary cytology, but a systematic, universally accepted, internationally recognized system with clear goals was missing.