September 2022—The widespread availability of next-generation sequencing-based somatic mutation analysis of solid tumors has led to the routine identification of patients eligible for FDA-approved targeted therapies, including immunotherapies. However, validated targeted therapies are available for only a small number of mutations, thereby preventing many patients from realizing the benefits of these life-extending modalities. With a focus on reducing the gap in eligibility for targeted therapy, the authors conducted a large-scale retrospective analysis of interactions between mutations, drug responses, and long-term cancer survival outcomes. They performed the analysis using the nationwide U.S.-based Flatiron Health–Foundation Medicine clinicogenomic database. The authors analyzed data on more than 40,000 patients from approximately 280 cancer clinics.