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October 2022

The art and science of positive blood cultures

October 2022—It might be possible to tot up, using only the number of toes on an ordinary foot, how many labs are feeling full of vim and vigor these days, open to concepts like creative destruction and get those creative juices flowing and have fun with it—slogans once easily uttered but now tiring to enact. Nevertheless, Margie Morgan, PhD, D(ABMM), would like her colleagues to at least consider the possibility of inspiration in the microbiology laboratory. In particular, Dr. Morgan, medical director of microbiology and professor of pathology and laboratory medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, has some thoughts about using a new automated system to facilitate rapid microbial identification from positive blood cultures. The Arc system, from Accelerate Diagnostics, is composed of the Arc module and blood culture kit and concentrates organisms recovered in positive blood cultures for direct testing on MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Dr. Morgan and colleagues have been using the system since February.

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Purchased for the pandemic? Rethinking instrumentation

October 2022—Who’s doing what with instruments purchased at the peak of the pandemic? That and next-generation sequencing are what CAP TODAY publisher Bob McGonnagle asked Compass Group members about when they met virtually on Sept. 6. The Compass Group is an organization of not-for-profit IDN system laboratory leaders who collaborate to identify and share best practices and strategies.

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A wait-and-watch season of respiratory viruses

October 2022—Influenza incidence and what it will mean for testing in this respiratory virus season is a wild card, as is how SARS-CoV-2 will evolve. In early September, SARS-CoV-2 prevalence was declining in parts of the United States. “And if you believe in the theory of viral interference,” says Michelle Tabb, PhD, chief scientific officer at DiaSorin Molecular, “it’s leaving the door wide open right now for something else to step in. We’ll see if that’s RSV, or flu A, or if it’s a new COVID variant.”

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Enabling ‘the magic’ in hematology—eyes on what labs need

October 2022—New and better solutions for the hematology laboratory. That was at the center of a Sept. 2 virtual roundtable, led by CAP TODAY publisher Bob McGonnagle. With him were Jonathan Galeotti, MD, of the University of North Carolina School of Medicine, and representatives of Sysmex America, Siemens Healthineers, Beckman Coulter, and CellaVision. “It’s a new era in terms of what can happen in hematological data,” said Fernando Chaves, MD, global head of hematology, Siemens Healthineers.

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From the President’s Desk

October 2022—When I was in pathology training back in the ’90s, physicians carried around an index card for each patient, with all of the information we needed to know about them easily covered in that small space. Today, the practice of medicine—and specifically the practice of pathology—looks very different in the era of big data. Of course, we still have to fill our traditional roles: making the correct diagnosis for individual patients and ensuring the integrity of laboratory results. But increasingly large data sets inform the diagnosis in individual cases and, at the same time, individual cases become data points in large data sets that inform the health of populations. Beginning in the 2000s with the value-based care movement and accelerating with the rise of high-parameter tests, we find ourselves having to be data scientists as much as physicians. We are being asked to incorporate data-heavy tests and pipelines, some of which require clinical decision support algorithms that demand a certain fluency with more sophisticated software. We find ourselves in the new position of considering population health in addition to patient health, an element that can involve predictive analytics and data mining.

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Clinical pathology selected abstracts

October 2022—Cardiovascular health is often linked to dementia, and compelling evidence indicates that there are modifiable risk factors for dementia, knowledge of which may also benefit vascular health. In previous studies, hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular pathology were associated with the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 genotype and cognitive function.

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Q&A column

October 2022 Q. How many blocks should a histotechnologist with multiple responsibilities cut per day in a semiautomated laboratory? Read answer. Q. Is it acceptable to release results from an analyzer with flags or alarms if a pathologist sends an email instructing to do so, even if the manufacturer’s instructions state that results with flags or alarms should be verified by another method before reporting? I am referring to hematology analyzer auto-differential results with asterisk flags. The emailed instructions from the pathologist are applied to all samples but are not incorporated into our standard operating procedure. We report auto-differential results that have asterisk flags and then perform a manual differential. The report, therefore, contains two differential results that, when compared, are almost always different clinically and statistically. Read answer. Q. How useful is an aPTT value if the value falls below the reference interval? Read answer.

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Newsbytes

October 2022—Cater to your audience, while sage advice, can be a challenging proposition when it comes to choosing a biobank information system. Unlike clinical laboratories, which use lab information systems that tightly link specimen testing results to patient information in the EHR, biobanks need specimen-centric systems that can store and track samples for research purposes. Biobanks, like research laboratories, need the functionality typically found in laboratory information management systems, or LIMS, says Raj Dash, MD, pathologist and director of laboratory informatics strategy, Duke Health.

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Letters

October 2022—I read with great interest your article “Transgender care, in and beyond the lab” (July 2022). In the article Gabrielle Winston-McPherson, PhD, talks about her desire to improve health outcomes, identify problems in the preanalytical process, develop training material, assemble data and information prior to implementation, address informatics challenges, and ensure proper allocation of limited resources—all of which is laudable and appears to align perfectly with our mission as pathologists. The writer reminds readers that the topic has landed in the middle of court cases, state laws, and policy debates, with “words like ‘controversial,’ ‘issue,’ ‘politics,’ ‘traditional family values,’ and ‘beliefs’ awkwardly mixed in with medical realities.”

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Put It on the Board

October 2022—The Food and Drug Administration has granted approval to Thermo Fisher Scientific’s Oncomine Dx Target Test as a companion diagnostic to aid in selecting patients with RET-fusion-positive locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, RET-fusion-positive advanced or metastatic thyroid cancer, and RET-mutation-positive advanced or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer who may be eligible for treatment with Lilly’s Retevmo (selpercatinib).

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