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Cytopathology + More | Anal cytology: life-saving potential at low cost

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  1. Szmulowicz UM, Wu JS. Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal: a review of the aetiology, presentation, staging, prognosis and methods available for treatment. Sex Health. 2012;9(6):593–609.
  2. Shiels MS, Kreimer AR, Coghill AE, Darragh TM, Devesa SS. Anal cancer incidence in the United States, 1977–2011: distinct patterns by histology and behavior. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2015;24(10):1548–1556.
  3. Aberg JA, Gallant JE, Ghanem KG, Emmanuel P, Zingman BS, Horberg MA; and Infectious Diseases Society of America. Primary care guidelines for the management of persons infected with HIV: 2013 update by the HIV medicine association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;58(1):1–10.
  4. Moscicki AB, Darragh TM, Berry-Lawhorn JM, et al. Screening for anal cancer in women. J Low Genit Tract Dis. 2015;19(3 suppl 1):S27–S42.
  5. https://anchorstudy.org
  6. Herbenick D, Reece M, Schick V, Sanders SA, Dodge B, Fortenberry JD. Sexual behavior in the United States: results from a national probability sample of men and women ages 14–94. J Sex Med. 2010;7(suppl 5):255–265.
  7. Roye CF, Tolman DL, Snowden F. Heterosexual anal intercourse among Black and Latino adolescents and young adults: a poorly understood high-risk behavior. J Sex Res. 2013;50(7):715–722.
  8. Ortoski RA, Kell CS. Anal cancer and screening guidelines for human papillomavirus in men. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2011;111(3 suppl 2):S35–S43.
  9. Sturgis CD, Siekas LL, de la Ossa JC, Hamilton S, Dreyer SA. Establishing an anal neoplasia screening service for a unique HIV positive patient population in a small city: lessons learned. Am J Hum Pathol. 2014;1(1):12–21.
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Dr. Sturgis, a member of the CAP Cytopathology Committee until Dec. 31, 2015, is an associate professor of pathology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, and Cleveland Clinic staff cytopathologist, Robert J. Tomsich Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Institute. Dr. Darragh, a former member of the committee (2005–2011), is a professor of clinical pathology, University of California, San Francisco.

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